Intrinsic coherence in assisted sub-state discrimination

We study intrinsic coherence in the tripartite process to unambiguously discriminate two nonorthogonal states of a qubit, entangled with another one, and assisted by an auxiliary system. The optimal success probability is found to be benefited by initial intrinsic coherence, but no extra one is required. The transformations among different contributions of intrinsic coherence are necessary in this procedure, which increase with the overlap between the states to recognize. Such state discrimination is a key step of the probabilistic teleportation protocol. Entanglement of the quantum channel decreases the coherence characterizing the reliance on an ancilla.Comment: 6 pages with 4 figure

Double reflection dips - from grating ruled semiconductors

The double dips, previously observed by Fischer, Anderson, et al., which appeared in the reflection spectra of grating surfaces on the Te-doped semiconductors GaAs and InSb around the plasmon and phonon frequencies have been measured in more detail. In the plasmon region, several possible explanations of the phenomenon are discussed. A simple equation checked with the rigorous theory is proposed and is shown to fit the data well. In the phonon region, the extra dip is calculated and identified as being caused by surface phonons --Abstract, page ii

The Issues and Optimization Strategies in the Modernization of Vocational Education in the Era of Chat GPT

The emergence of Chat GPT technology represents a significant breakthrough in natural language processing, revolutionizing human-machine interaction and presenting profound challenges to vocational education modernization in China. In the Chat GPT era, vocational education undergoes transformative changes, including personalized learning reaching new heights, big data-driven intelligent decision-making entering a new phase, and the integration of education resources on unprecedented scales. However, this modernization effort also encounters several critical issues, such as overreliance on technology and the associated risks of unemployment, threats to data privacy and security, erosion of ethical values, and the widening digital divide in education. To ensure the high-quality development of vocational education modernization with the support of artificial intelligence tools like Chat GPT, it is crucial to enhance supervision and regulation of Chat GPT technology applications, promoting its safe and responsible use. Moreover, prioritizing technology ethics and moral education becomes imperative to nurture students’ ethical awareness and moral compass in the utilization and development of technology. Lastly, optimizing the distribution of digital educational resources is essential to promote educational equity and bridge the digital divide among students

The Art of Systematic Teaching and Professional Development in Contemporary Piano Learning: An Analysis of the U.S. Music Certification Exams and Their Pedagogical Purposes

The importance of systematic teaching and music pedagogy is beginning to receive recognition around the globe. Piano lessons based on informed, research-based instruction have the potential to provide a common ground between academia and the broader non-professional piano teaching market. With an adequate exam system and training program, the likelihood is strong that a more motivational, engaging and productive learning environment for both amateur and professional musicians is possible; the educational value of the U.S. Music Certification Exams and its instructional books is foreseeable. For any professional or amateur musicians, the key for building self-efficacy and confidence lies in a persistent belief of one’s ability to accomplish a variety types of tasks, range from completing daily practice of scales and other technic, to handling stage fright when performing in public. By systematically studying the materials in the 11 levels of U.S. Music Certification Exams, a student will acquire adequate skills in the initial stages of his or her musical development by mastering sufficient technical, musicianship and artistic pieces, drills and exercises. The USMCE examination system also provides a first look at methodically organized western-style piano teaching. This provides opportunities to change and improve general piano instruction in countries such as China where the philosophy of western music education and piano pedagogy are still relatively undeveloped. Students participating in USMCE exams have the opportunity to discover and develop their musical talents to the highest level

Unequal Primary Education Opportunities in Rural and Urban China

This article examines the unequal provision of primary education in rural and urban China. It first looks at the development of the “two-track” system and shows how educational opportunities have always been unevenly distributed in contemporary China. It then focuses on the dominant task of primary education—the universalisation of compulsory education—to underscore the profound difficulties that the Chinese government faces particularly in the provision of primary education in rural areas. The article concludes that the prospect of a successful delivery of primary education in the countryside lies in the further clarification of the financial relationship among different levels of the government, the diversification of sources of educational funding, and the integration of primary education with economic growth as the goal of sustainable development